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Sensors & Transducers



Vol. 263, Issue 4, December 2023, pp. 67-73
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Automated Guidance Vehicles Controlled by Visible
​Light Communication



1, 2, 3, * P. Louro, 2, 3 M. A. Vieira and 1, 2, 3 M. Vieira



1 ISEL-Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, Portugal

2 UNINOVA-CTS and LASI Lisbon, Portugal
3 NOVA School of Science and Technology, Lisbon, Portugal
* E-mail: paula.louro@isel.pt



Received: 6 October 2023 / Accepted: 30 November 2023 / Published: 21 December 2023





Abstract: The advent of devices with wireless communication capabilities has generated increased interest in indoor navigation. Several wireless technologies have been proposed for indoor location, as the traditional Global Positioning System has a poor performance in a closed space. This research proposes the use of an indoor localization system based on Visible Light Communication (VLC) to support guidance and operational tasks of Autonomous Guided Vehicles (AVG). The research is focused on the development of the guidance VLC system, transmission of control data information and decoding techniques. Trichromatic white LEDs are used as transmitters and photodiodes with selective spectral sensitivity are used as receivers. The downlink channel establishes an infrastructure-to-vehicle link (I2V) and provides position information to the vehicle. The decoding strategy is based on accurate calibration of the output signal. Characterization of the transmitters and receivers, description of the coding schemes and the use of different modulations will be discussed.


Keywords: Visible light communication, Autonomous guides vehicle, Indoor positioning, Guidance, On Off keying, Manchester.

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